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Democracy in the Czech Republic Improved but Worsened in Slovakia (Demokracie v České Republice se Zlepšila ale na Slovensku se Zhoršila)

March 3, 2009

Článek v ČEŠTINĚ dole (Klikněte na “Read the rest …”)

How would you rate democracy in the Czech Republic and Slovakia on a scale from 1 to 10? The question is not that easy and it requires consideration of many variables and a large pool of data. The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) has completed such study and according to their results, the Czech Republic showed a slight improvement in the EIU Index of Democracy in 2008. On the other hand, Slovakia’s index declined, compared to last year’s study results. The study was done in 167 countries and focused on the electoral process and pluralism, functioning of government, political participation, political culture, and civil liberties. Based on the total ranking numbers from all five categories, the Czech Republic fell in the full democracy range, whereas Slovakia fitted into the flawed democracies range.

 

The top country in 2008 was again Sweden, however, its score did not change compared to last year (9.88 points). The United States of America’s score did not change either (8.22 points), but it moved from the 17th place (in 2007) to the 18th place (in 2008). The Czech Republic also dropped down from the 18th place to the 19th place, but its rank has improved - from 8.17 to 8.19 points. Slovakia’s rank was still below 8 points. In 2007, it ended up at 41st place (7.33 points) and in 2008 its rank dropped to the 44th position with 7.40 points. The lowest ranking was assigned to North Korea with only 0.86 points.

 

What does this really mean to us amateurs? The maximum achievable rank is 10 points. The study consists of 60 questions with two or three permitted alternative answers. The answers are collected from public opinion surveys but also from experts in the subject matter. Sometimes, other countries are used as models for countries, where answers could not be collected. The scores from five areas of the study (electoral process and pluralism, functioning of government, political participation, political culture, and civil liberties) are averaged and rounded to one decimal. Then, four regime types are assigned to them based on their final rank numbers: full democracies (8-10 points), flawed democracies (6-7.9 points), hybrid regimes (4-5.9 points), and authoritarian regimes (<4 points).

 

The Czech Republic was grouped with the top 30 countries with full democracies (top 18%). Slovakia was part of 50 countries with flawed democracies. One third of the whole world’s population still falls under authoritarian rule. The overall EIU summary stated that democracy did not change much in all countries, when compared to last year’s results. Looking at Eastern Europe nations, 19 out of the 28 countries had lower scores, eight states did not change, and only one country, the Czech Republic, was honored with “a slight improvement” label. Since the country is currently presiding over the EU, we can expect its rank will be even higher for the 2009 year.

 

CLICK HERE to download the complete report for 2008 or HERE for 2007. The source website can be found HERE.

***

 
Jak byste ohodnotili demokracii v České republice a na Slovensku na stupnici od 1 do 10? Tato otázka není tak jednoduchá a vyžaduje mnoho proměnných a velký objem dat. Společnost The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) vykonala tuto studii a základě jejich výsledků, v České republice se ukázalo mírné zlepšení EIU Indexu demokracie v roce 2008. Na druhé straně, na Slovensku tento index klesl, v porovnání s loňským výsledky. Studie byla provedena ve 167 zemích a zaměřila se na volební procesy a pluralismus, funkce státní správy, zapojení v politice, politickou kulturu a občanskou svobodu. Na základě celkového ocenění ze všech pěti kategorií, Česká republika zapadá do kategorie úplné demokracie, ale Slovensko spadá do kategorie chybná demokracie.

 

Nejlepší zemí v roce 2008 bylo opět Švédsko, ale jeho skóre se nezměnilo v porovnání s minulým rokem (9,88 bodů). Skóre USA se také nezměnilo (8,22 bodu), ale posunulo se ze 17. místa (v roce 2007) na 18. místo (v roce 2008). Česká republika rovněž klesla z 18. místa na 19. místo, ale jeho skóre se zlepšilo z 8,17 na 8,19 bodů. Slovensko má stále méně než 8 bodů. V roce 2007 skončilo až na 41. místě (7,33 bodu) a kleslo v roce 2008 na 44. pozici s 7,40 body. Nejnižší pozice byla přiřazena Severní Koreji s jen 0,86 body.

 

Co to vlastně znamená, pro nás amatéry? Maximální dosažitelná hodnost je 10 bodů. Studie se skládá z 60 otázek, se dvěmi nebo třemi alternativními odpověďmi. Odpovědi jsou shromažďovány z průzkumů veřejného mínění, ale také od odborníků v oboru. Někdy, jiné země slouží jako vzor pro země, kde odpovědi nemohly být shromážděny. Průměr bodů z pěti oblastí studia (volební proces a pluralismus, funkce státní správy, zapojení v politice, politická kultura a občanská svoboda) je zaokrouhlen na jedno desetinné místo. Poté jsou zeme zařazeny do čtyř typů režimů na základě jejich konečného počtu bodů: úplná demokracie (8-10 bodů), chybná demokracie (6-7,9 bodů), hybridní režim (4-5,9 bodů), a autoritativní režim (<4 body ).

 

Česká republika byla zařazena mezi prvních 30 zemí s úplnou demokracií (top 18%). Slovensko bylo součástí 50 zemí s chybnou demokracií. Jedna třetina celé světové populace stále ještě spadá pod autoritářskou vládu. EIU uvedlo, že celkově se demokracie se nezměnila v mnoha ve zemích ve srovnání s loňskými výsledky. Při pohledu na východní Evropu, 19 z 28 zemí mělo nižší skóre, osm států se nezměnilo, a pouze jedna země, Česká republika, byla poctěna s titulem “mírného zlepšení.” Vzhledem k tomu, že země v současnosti předsedá EU, můžeme očekávat, že její umístění bude ještě lepší pro rok 2009. 

 

Klikněte ZDE pro stažení kompletní zprávy pro rok 2008 nebo ZDE pro rok 2007. Zdroj webových stránkách lze nalézt ZDE.

 

Sources (Zdroje):
Eiu.com
Wikipedia.org
Bajan.wordpress.com (headline image)

***
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